BACKGROUND: The persistence of HPV infection after loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is a poorly studied and of unknown frequency in patients diagnosed with high-grade intraepithelial lesions. OBJECTIVE: To determine the persistence of HPV infection after LEEP in patients diagnosed High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions METHODS: A prospective study involving 416 patients diagnosed with High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions treated by LEEP between 2002 and 2017 was carried out. HPV, cytological and colposcopy tests were performed between 6 and 12 months after treatment for a period of no less than 5 years. In patients with a positive HPV result a new screening was performed at 6 months by means of hybrid capture to determine the persistence of infection. RESULTS: The mean age of patients included in the study was 45.1 years, 193 patients (46%) had cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) II and 223 (54%) presented CIN III by histological diagnosis. It was found that 65% (N: 272) had a negative result for HPV and 35% (N: 144) had a positive HPV infection, the patients with positive result the most frequent serotype was 16 (48%), followed by other serotypes (44%) and serotype 18 (8%). A 6-month follow-up of 57 patients with a positive result for HPV obtained a negative result in 36 patients (63%) and a positive result in 21 patients (37%), the distribution of HPV serotypes corresponded to other HPV serotypes (43%), serotype 16 (38%) and serotype 18 (18%). CONCLUSIONS: The persistence of HPV in patients with High-Grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions after underwent a LEEP was up to 37%, so a close follow-up of this group of patients is fundamental because the persistence of HPV constitutes a risk factor for the development of cervical cancer.